The second oldest abstract art and the oldest rock art is found at Blombos Cave in South Africa, dated to 77,000 years ago. The oldest abstract art in the world is a shell necklace dated to 82,000 years ago from the Cave of Pigeons in Taforalt, eastern Morocco. The first appearance of abstract art is during the Middle Stone Age, however. The use of bone tools and backed blades eventually became characteristic of Later Stone Age tool industries. Homo sapiens, or modern humans, created bone tools and backed blades around 90,000 to 60,000 years ago, in southern and eastern Africa.This tool industry spread to the Middle East and Europe around 800,000 to 600,000 years ago. Homo erectus developed the Acheulean stone tool industry, specifically hand-axes, at 1.5 million years ago.Homo habilis, residing in eastern Africa, developed another early toolmaking industry, the Oldowan, around 2.3 million years ago.An unidentified hominin, possibly Australopithecus afarensis or Kenyanthropus platyops, created stone tools dating to 3.3 million years ago at Lomekwi in the Turkana Basin, eastern Africa.The earliest tools in the world can be found there as well: The Great Rift Valley of Africa provides critical evidence for the evolution of early hominins.
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